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Dice and dice games date back to the Middle Eastern Crusades, but current craps is approximately a century old. Modern craps developed from the old Anglo game called Hazard. No one knows for sure the birth of the game, but Hazard is believed to have been invented by the Anglo, Sir William of Tyre, in the 12th century. It is supposed that Sir William’s knights bet on Hazard through a siege on the fortification Hazarth in 1125 AD. The name Hazard was acquired from the citadel’s name.

Early French colonizers brought the game Hazard to Acadia. In the 18th century, when driven away by the English, the French relocated south and found safety in the south of Louisiana where they after a while became Cajuns. When they left Acadia, they brought their favorite game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns modernized the game and made it mathematically fair. It is said that the Cajuns changed the name to craps, which was derived from the term for the losing toss of two in the game of Hazard, referred to as "crabs."

From Louisiana, the game migrated to the Mississippi barges and all over the country. Many acknowledge the dice maker John H. Winn as the father of modern craps. In the early 1900s, Winn assembled the current craps layout. He added the Do not Pass line so gamblers can wager on the dice to lose. Afterwords, he developed the boxes for Place bets and put in place the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.